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The Church of Cedofeita ((ポルトガル語:Igreja de Cedofeita)) is a medieval church in the civil parish of Cedofeita, municipality of Porto, in the northern Grande Porto Subregion of Portugal. The Church is a rare architectural example of a single-nave vaulted-ceiling temple, and the unique one in the traditional Entre-Douro-e-Minho Province region of Portugal. ==History== The oldest document referring to the Church date to 1087, when it was consecrated and funds allocated for its upkeep. From surveys of the building, at least two former structures occupied the same place: one built around the 10th century, from which two Pre-romanesque capitals are preserved in the interior; and another consecrated in 1098, by the Bishop of Braga, from which the lower part of the main chapel has survived. The more remote vestiges, now preserved, suggest a dating to the late 9th, early 10th century.〔 It has been debated that, following his reconquest of the city of Porto, Vímara Peres, in 868, constructed or rebuilt a temple (whose remaining two triumphal arch capitals were later reused in the Romanesque period).〔 These capitals are one of the most important indicators of constructive dynamics that accompanied the first conquest of the territories along the Douro and stylistically relate to the late-Asturian construction (such as in the churches of São Salvador and Valdediós Priesca, both from the beginning of the tenth century.〔〔Manuel Luís Real (1984), p.31〕 One of the vestiges of this period was the use of soft limestone (from the region of Coimbra), a fact that contrasts with the widespread use of granite in later public works.〔 In the 11th century construction campaign that followed, supported and consecrated in 1087 by the Bishop of Braga (D. Pedro), included the lower areas of the chancel, whose blind arcades were constructed in a more archaic style. The truly Romanesque phase actually began late, around the 13th century. A document during the reign of King Afonso II of Portugal mentioned the construction of the building during the reign of Afonso Henriques, although archaeological proof of these statements have yet to be discovered on the site. References to Cedofeita continued throughout the 12th and 13th centuries, referring to the existence of a monastery in Cedofeita, alternating with dispatches about a religious college, continuing until the first quarter of the 13th century.〔 The community of religious clerics adopted the orders of the Canons Regular of Saint Augustine; historically, references to the temple referred to a much larger ''Convento dos Cónegos Regrantes de Santo Agostinho'' (''Convent of the Canons Regular of Saint Augustine'').〔 The religious community was supported by the founding of a ''factory'' in the beginning of the 13th century, which helped to develop the parish.〔 By the 16th century, the ''College of Cedofeita'' was one of the largest property-owners in the area of Porto, supported by land-rents from the district and donations from the faith community.〔 Between the 17th and 18th century, the church was remodelled, with the extension of lateral chapels from the fourth section of the nave.〔 The front entranceway was tiled (hiding the original western facade), while a new bell-tower and a southern cloister were built, at the same time the chancel was extended by two metres, while its barrel ceiling was elaborated in stucco.〔 In the middle of the 18th century, the canons at Cedofeita were willing to impose a cost of one Portuguese real on its parishioners in order to rebuild the church.〔 An inscription was made into the western door tympanum around 1767, stating that the Church was founded in 559 by King Theodemar, and consecrated by the Bishop of Braga, Lucrécio (561–562).〔〔 Although it was copied from a parchment found in the canon's archives in 1556, the original stone, on which it was based, has never been found.〔 In 1869, the college of canons was extinguished, although the building continued to function as a parochial church. By 1880, an organ by Peter Conacher was installed in the church.〔 Formal restoration of the Church began in 1930, and lasted the next five years, under the stewardship of the ''Direcção Geral dos Edifícios e Monumentos Nacionais'' (DGMEN), resulting in the identification of several additions to the church during the 17th and 18th century.〔 These renovations removed many of the late Baroque additions and gave it a more ''"medieval"'' appearance. It was during these restorations that the organ was disassembled and removed from the Church. Successively, the building was further restored through several periods of renovation, including in 1966, 1975, 1979, 1980, 1982, 1984 (when the chancel roof was re-tiled) and in 1991 (when electricity was introduced into the structure and the roof over the main nave was reconstructed).〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Church of São Martinho de Cedofeita」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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